This application note explains how Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) behaves as a lattice-bound antimony source in PET systems, where oxidation state balance and surface-mediated release/retention pathways influence antimony activity, residue persistence, acetaldehyde (AA) formation tendency, and intrinsic viscosity (IV) stability during thermal processing.
ATO enables PET catalyst/plastics control by holding antimony in a SnO₂ lattice, where Sb³⁺/Sb⁵⁺ balance and surface hydration govern how antimony remains immobilized or becomes available during melt heat history. This shifts residue persistence and correlates with AA formation and IV loss sensitivity.
Copper chromite (CuCr₂O₄) catalyst grade is a copper–chromium mixed oxide supplied for use as an active catalytic component or precursor in industrial hydrogenation and reduction systems.
This material is not a finished catalyst. It is intended for formulation with supports, binders, and shaping processes, followed by controlled reduction activation (typically hydrogen) to generate the catalytically active Cu–Cr surface.
Typical applications include aldehyde-to-alcohol hydrogenation, ester hydrogenation, and Cu–Cr based catalytic systems where thermal stability, controlled reducibility, and mechanical robustness are required.
Bismuth Vanadate Photocatalyst – Environmental Yellow Pigment is an inorganic yellow pigment and functional photocatalyst from Kela Materials based on bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄). It provides a brilliant, high-chroma yellow shade with excellent weather resistance, thermal stability and chemical resistance. BiVO₄ is chromium(VI)-free and cadmium-free, offering an environmentally friendly alternative to chrome yellow pigments and supporting photocatalytic degradation of certain organic pollutants under light.